Enduring the Fury of Interstellar Space: How Voyager Probes Face Cosmic Challenges NASA's venerable Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 probes have become synonymous with the spirit of human exploration, journeying to regions no other human-made objects have reached before. Now, billions of miles away from Earth, they traverse the hostile territory of interstellar space, where they face unprecedented challenges posed by galactic cosmic rays—swift, charged particles that threaten their continuing operation. Venturing Beyond the Solar System's Protective Bubble Launched in the late 1970s, both Voyager probes have traveled farther from Earth than any other human-made objects. Voyager 1, at about 15 billion miles away, and Voyager 2, some 12 billion miles distant, have both surpassed the heliosphere, the sun's protective bubble, exposing them to the more intense conditions of interstellar space. This vast region is filled with galactic cosmic rays, which, due to their incredible speed and
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